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class="iconfont nky-share_sina fs32"></i></div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="share_btn share_qzone" onclick="shareto_qzone()" title="分享到QQ空间"><i class="iconfont nky-share_qzone fs32"></i></div>   <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="share_btn share_facebook" onclick="shareto_facebook();" title="Facebook"><i class="iconfont nky-share_facebook fs26"></i></div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="share_btn share_twitter" onclick="shareto_twitter();" title="Twitter"><i class="iconfont nky-share_twitter fs24"></i></div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="share_btn share_linkedin" onclick="shareto_linkedin();" title="Linkedin"><i class="iconfont nky-shareto_linkedin fs32"></i></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="mid_n"> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="page_article share_content"> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="page_articleTitle tc">  <h3 id="shareTitle" class="fs30"><span style="color:rgb(51, 51, 51);">[中国科学报] 钱前代表呼吁加强我国梯田?；び肟⒗?/span></h3> </div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="article_author"> <span>发布时间：2023-03-08</span> <i>|</i><span>来源：中国科学报 2023年3月7日</span><i>|</i><span>作者：李晨</span> </div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="article_control"> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="size"> <span id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="fs14">字体</span> <a class="size3 size_min"><i class="iconfont nky-article_size1 fs14"></i>小</a> <a class="size2 size_mid"><i class="iconfont nky-article_size2 fs14"></i>中</a> <a class="size1 size_max"><i class="iconfont nky-article_size3 fs14"></i>大</a> </div> </div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="article fs16 lh28"> <p>　　梯田是我国丘陵山区和干旱地区的基本农田之一，占我国耕地面积的比例超过1/4。在人多地少的中国，梯田是一种集约利用土地的成熟方式，既种植农作物，为人类提供食物，又作为人工湿地生态系统，发挥维持生物多样性、涵养水源、保持水土、减缓灾害、旅游观光等生态服务。</p> <p style="text-align: center;">　　<img id="img-null" style="border: 0px currentColor; border-image: none; max-width: 600px;" src="../../images/2023-03/69be05cdf7c2401bb9a4b3f1bad80793.jpg"></p> <p style="text-align: center;">　　钱前代表受访者供图</p> <p>　　两会上，全国人大代表、中国科学院院士钱前呼吁，加强梯田?；ぁ⒔ㄉ栌肟⒗?，对发挥丘陵山区独特的资源优势，保障区域口粮供给，促进山区农民增收致富，保护和传承优秀农耕文化遗产、促进生态系统可持续发展等均具有重要意义。</p> <p>　　据记载，长江流域3000年前就有了水稻梯田，黄河流域2000年前就有了旱作梯田。</p> <p>　　梯田主要可以分为两类：一类是人类在长期适应自然的过程中对山地改造而修建的梯田，主要分布在南方山岭地区，以水稻种植为主，其在长期的运作过程中形成了较为稳定的生态系统，并随之产生了与梯田相关的文化和社会民俗习惯，如云南元阳梯田、广西龙脊梯田等。</p> <p>　　另一类是在新的经济建设时期，靠人力和机械在气候较干旱、水土流失严重地区修建的梯田，主要集中在黄河中上游的黄土高原地区，多为旱作梯田，如甘肃、宁夏、陕西等地的梯田。</p> <p>　　目前，我国已有多个梯田列入全球或中国重要农业文化遗产名录?！暗俏颐嵌蕴萏锏闹厥雍捅；と匀徊还??！鼻案嫠摺吨泄蒲Пā罚昀?，受工业化城镇化快速推进、高山移民、劳动力短缺、交通不便、产业结构调整，以及梯田不利于机械化耕作，劳动强度过大且收益低等影响，我国梯田尤其是南方古梯田也逐步损毁，梯田抛荒日渐增多，梯田生态逐渐退化，梯田文化渐渐丧失。</p> <p>　　钱前认为，对梯田的?；ず涂⒗秘酱嵘先粘?。他建议，组织调查，全面了解和掌握国内梯田发展形势，从生态、文化、历史、经济等领域综合评价并整体规划，以产业发展推动梯田?；?。实施梯田生态补贴政策，鼓励梯田区农民?；ぬ萏锖痛撑┦虏僮?。</p> <p>　　推动成立全国梯田科技联盟，打造梯田发展共同体，提高协调能力，形成集聚效应，强化科技手段对于梯田的保护与开发利用。</p> <p>　　加强规模连片梯田保护修复。设立梯田生态系统保护性建设专项，用于规模梯田修复整理，用于梯田“四要素”——森林、村寨、梯田、水系?；び虢ㄉ瑁μ萏锷低晨沙中⒄?。</p> <p>　　推进梯田资源综合利用。深入分析各地梯田的资源禀赋，差异化开发梯田资源，并与其他优势资源相结合，如古民居、古栈道、小水库等，加强新品种、新技术的推广应用，整体推进促进梯田资源的永续开发利用。</p> <p>　　提高社会公众?；び畔纫馐丁９睦鞯鼗∪蛑匾┮滴幕挪?、中国重要农业文化遗产等金字招牌，促进梯田?；ず捅；ば钥ⅰ＝徊教岣吲┟窈蜕缁峁诒；ぬ萏锏娜鲜逗鸵馐?，规范生产生活活动，最大限度保持梯田的完整性和梯田生态系统的可持续性。</p> <p><br></p> </div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="unit" style="text-align: right;">(单位: 中国农业科学院作物科学研究所)</div>  <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="article_bottom_btns"> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="article_btn print fs12 pr" onclick="javascript:window.print()"><i class="iconfont nky-article_print fs24 pa-l"></i>打印本页</div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="article_btn close fs12 pr" onclick="window.close();return false;"><i class="iconfont nky-article_close fs20 pa-l"></i>关闭本页</div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="rt3"> <a class="sub_051a item fs20 lh24" href="../../ywxxfbygl/index.htm">院网信息发布与管理</a> <a class="sub_channel_title03" href="../../ywxxfbygl/index.htm"> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="more"></div> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="title fs20">最新动态</div> </a> <div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="sub_031a ul-inline"> <ul> <li><div id="ddvpr3yjlwe" class="item"> 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